Эффективность производства озимой пшеницы на черноземе обыкновенном слабосолонцеватом при использовании фосфогипса нейтрализованного в условиях Центрального Предкавказья

Yulia I. Grechishkina; Alexey V. Matvienko

doi:10.31279/2949-4796-2025-15-2-63-73

Authors

Yulia I. Grechishkina Stavropol State Agrarian University https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2236-5724
Alexey V. Matvienko Stavropol State Agrarian University https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7568-9668

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31279/2949-4796-2025-15-2-63-73

Keywords:

neutralized phosphogypsum, ordinary chernozem, solonetzic soils, winter wheat yield, winter wheat, economic costs of chemical reclamation

Abstract

Introduction. The Stavropol Krai, a key agricultural region in Russia, faces significant land degradation challenges, with approximately 20% of its arable land affected by soil salinity. This issue substantially reduces crop yields and threatens regional food security, necessitating the development of sustainable and cost-effective soil reclamation strategies.
Aim. To determine the effectiveness of neutralized phosphogypsum on winter wheat productivity in weakly solonetzic ordinary chernozem.
Materials and methods. The study was conducted from 2021 to 2024 under production conditions in the unstable moisture zone of Stavropol Krai, Russia. The experimental site featured weakly solonetzic ordinary chernozem. Soil samples were collected for agrochemical analysis, and crop yield was recorded with agricultural samples taken for laboratory analysis following methodological guidelines for registration trials of agrochemicals in agriculture.
Results. The study revealed that mean daily air temperature during winter wheat growing seasons (2021-2024) exceeded the norm by 2.8°C. Moreover, 2023-2024 period was characterized by reduced precipitation. Winter wheat yields varied significantly across treatments during the residual effect period of neutralized phosphogypsum: 2022 - 4.51-5.24 t/ha, 2023 - 4.18-4.55 t/ha, 2024 - 2.34-2.67 t/ha.
Conclusions. The 10 t/ha application rate provided the greatest average yield increase over three years (8% above control). The 5 t/ha dose proved most economically efficient, demonstrating profit of 11,828.3 RUB/ha and return on investment of 29.0%.

To cite: Grechishkina Y.I., Matvienko A.V. The Efficiency of Winter Wheat Production on Slightly Saline Common Chernozem Using Phosphogypsum Neutralized in the Conditions of the Central Ciscaucasia. Agrarian Bulletin of the North Caucasus. 2025;15(2):63-73. https://doi.org/10.31279/2949-4796-2025-15-2-63-73 EDN VQYVVA