New ՙViktoriya՚ peanut cultivar (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Abstract

Introduction. Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a globally significant oilseed and food legume. Russia, while a major peanut importer, lacks commercial production. There is a notable deficit of data on the biological and agronomic characteristics of peanut cultivars suitable for cultivation in the southern regions of the country. Research aimed at evaluating the productivity and adaptive capacity of new cultivars is essential. The development of domestic cultivars is of strategic importance for enhancing national food security and economic sustainability.
Aim. To detail the breeding process of the new ՙViktoriya՚ peanut cultivar, investigate its key biological features, assess its agriculturally valuable traits, and establish its formal varietal documentation through the designation and deposition of a standard herbarium specimen.
Materials and methods. The article presents the results of a comparison of agriculturally valuable traits of ՙViktoriya՚ with the standard ՙOtradokubansky՚ cultivar based on a three-year ecological-geographical trial conducted from 2019 to 2021 in the Krasnodar Krai and Astrakhan Oblast.
Results. A large-seeded ՙViktoriya՚ peanut cultivar for confectionery use was developed. Comparative analysis with the standard ՙOtradokubansky՚ cultivar demonstrated that Victoria provides a stable yield under arid conditions. In terms of the critical parameter of 1000-seed weight, ՙVictoria՚ performs comparably to the standard. A comprehensive morpho-biological description of the cultivar was compiled. The nomenclatural standard herbarium specimen of new cultivar was prepared and deposited in the Herbarium of Cultivated Plants, their Wild Relatives and Weeds at the National Center for Plant Genetic Resources.
Conclusion. The cv. ՙViktoriya՚ exhibits high productivity and is adapted to the arid conditions of southern Russia. The research results confirm its potential for use in agricultural production.

To cite: Bemova V.D., Gavrilova V.A., Yakusheva T.V., Varganova I.V., Lebedeva N.V. New ՙViktoriya՚ peanut cultivar (Arachis hypogaea L.). Agrarian Bulletin of the North Caucasus. 2025;15(4):90-102. https://doi.org/10.31279/2949-4796-2025-15-4-90-102